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A juvenile stickleback head stained red for developing bone and blue for forming cartilage.In this issue of PLoS Genetics, Hohenlohe et al. report the first high-density genome scan of stickleback fish to identify signatures of selection. Oceanic stickleback have repeatedly formed freshwater populations that have evolved rapidly in many characters, including the head and jaws. Previous work demonstrated that the same genes were behind parallel phenotypic changes in independent populations. Hohenlohe et al. show that this is a general pattern in stickleback evolution, with many genomic regions exhibiting parallel signatures in independently derived freshwater populations. These results show that parallel phenotypic evolution may often be caused by extensive parallel genomic changes.
Image Credit: Mark Currey (Center for Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Oregon, USA)